Imirasire y'izuba ni igisubizo gishya kandi cyangiza ibidukikije gikoresha ingufu zizuba kugirango zimurikire ibidukikije hanze.Amatara ni meza kubusitani, inzira nyabagendwa, inzira, patiyo, nahandi hantu hanze ikeneye itara.Bakora bahindura urumuri rw'izuba mumashanyarazi kumanywa, abikwa muri bateri zishishwa, hanyuma bagakoresha izo mbaraga kugirango batange amatara ya LED nijoro.Imwe mu nyungu nini zo gukoresha amatara yubusitani bwizuba nuko ikoresha ingufu kandi zihendutse.Ntibasaba insinga cyangwa amashanyarazi, kuborohereza gushiraho no gukoresha.Byongeye kandi, ntibasohora imyanda ihumanya cyangwa imyuka ihumanya ikirere igira uruhare mu ihindagurika ry’ikirere, bigatuma bahitamo icyatsi kandi kirambye.
I. Uburyo Itara ryizuba ryumuriro rikora
Imirasire y'izuba ikora ihindura urumuri rw'izuba imbaraga z'amashanyarazi hanyuma igakoreshwa mu gucana urumuri nijoro.Tekinoroji iri inyuma yumucyo wubusitani bwizuba ishingiye kumirasire ya Photovoltaque (PV), ihindura urumuri rwizuba mumashanyarazi ya DC (direct current).
Ibice byingenzi bigize urumuri rusanzwe rwizuba rurimo:
- Imirasire y'izuba:Iki nigice cyumucyo gifata urumuri rwizuba rukagihindura amashanyarazi.Ubusanzwe igizwe na selile nyinshi zifotora zifatanije hamwe kugirango zitange ingufu zisabwa.
- Bateri:Batare ikoreshwa mukubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi zitangwa nizuba ryizuba kumunsi.Mubisanzwe ni bateri yumuriro ishobora kwishyurwa no gusohoka inshuro nyinshi.
- Kugenzura ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki:Ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa mugucunga no gusohora bateri no kugenzura imikorere yumucyo LED.
- Itara LED:Itara rya LED nigice cyumucyo wizuba ryizuba rihindura ingufu zamashanyarazi zibitswe muri bateri mumucyo ugaragara.Mubisanzwe ni amatara maremare ya LED ashobora gutanga urumuri ruhagije rwo gukoresha hanze.
Inzira yo guhindura urumuri rwizuba mumashanyarazi ikubiyemo intambwe nyinshi.Iyo urumuri rw'izuba rukubise imirasire y'izuba, rutera ingirabuzimafatizo zifotora amashanyarazi.Uru rugendo rwa electron rufatwa kandi rukanyuzwa muri elegitoroniki igenzura, igenzura no gusohora bateri.Ku manywa, bateri yishyuzwa amashanyarazi arenze akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba.Iyo bwije, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki bigenzura bikora urumuri rwa LED, rukuramo ingufu muri bateri kugirango rutange urumuri.Inzira yo guhindura urumuri rwizuba mumashanyarazi irakora neza kandi irashobora gutanga imbaraga zihagije zo gukoresha urumuri rwa LED mumasaha menshi nijoro.
Tekinoroji iri inyuma yumucyo wubusitani bwizuba ihora itera imbere, hamwe nibishushanyo bishya nibice birimo gutezwa imbere kugirango bitezimbere imikorere yabo neza.
II.Inyungu zo Gukoresha Imirasire y'izuba
Imirasire y'izuba itanga inyungu nyinshi zibidukikije bigatuma bahitamo neza kumurika hanze.Mugukoresha imbaraga zizuba, ayo matara arashobora kugabanya cyane ibirenge bya karubone kandi bigafasha kubungabunga ingufu.
-Ntabwo batanga ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.
Ibi bivuze ko batagira uruhare mu ihindagurika ry’ikirere no gufasha kugabanya ihumana ry’ikirere.Usibye inyungu z’ibidukikije, amatara yizuba arashobora no kuzigama cyane.Kuberako zikoreshwa nizuba ryizuba, ntibisaba amashanyarazi ayo ari yo yose kugirango akore.Ibi bivuze ko bashobora gufasha kugabanya fagitire y'amashanyarazi no kuzigama amafaranga mugihe kirekire.Itara ryizuba ryizuba naryo ntirishobora kubungabungwa cyane kandi ntirisaba uburyo bwo gukoresha insinga cyangwa bigoye.Ibi bituma byoroha cyane gushiraho no gukoresha, bishobora kugutwara igihe namafaranga.
-umutekano
Amahitamo gakondo yo kumurika hanze arashobora guteza ibyago byo guhitanwa n amashanyarazi cyangwa umuriro, cyane cyane iyo bidashyizweho neza.Ku rundi ruhande, amatara y’izuba, afite umutekano rwose kuyakoresha.Ntibasaba insinga iyo ari yo yose, ikuraho ibyago byo guhitanwa n amashanyarazi.Byongeye kandi, byashizweho kugirango birinde ikirere, bivuze ko bishobora kwihanganira ibihe bibi nkimvura cyangwa shelegi.Ibi bituma bahitamo neza gukoresha hanze, kandi ntuzigera uhangayikishwa nibibazo byose byumutekano.
III.Umwanzuro
Muri rusange, amatara yubusitani bwizuba nibikoresho byo kumurika hanze bikoreshwa ningufu zizuba.Biroroshye gushiraho kandi ntibisaba insinga cyangwa ingufu, kugirango bibe igisubizo cyiza kubice bya kure nkubusitani, amaterasi, inzira, ninzira nyabagendwa.
Amatara yubusitani bwizuba yakozwe naUruganda rwa Huajunuze muburyo butandukanye, ibishushanyo, nubunini kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo bitandukanye byo kumurika nibyifuzo.Zishobora gutanga urumuri rutandukanye rwurumuri namabara, harimo ubushyuhe bwera cyangwa ibara 16 rihindura ingaruka zumucyo.
Nyuma yo gusobanukirwa amatara yizuba icyo aricyo, urashaka kugura amatara yubusitani bwizuba （https://www.huajuncrafts.com/）
Gusoma bijyanye
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-15-2023